What is the main feature of schizophrenia?

The main feature of schizophrenia is characterized by distorted thinking, perceptions, and behavior, which frequently manifest as hallucinations and delusions. Individuals with schizophrenia may experience a disconnection from reality, making it challenging for them to discern what is real versus what is not. Hallucinations can involve seeing or hearing things that aren't present, while delusions often take the form of strongly held false beliefs that are resistant to reason. These symptoms significantly impair functioning in daily life and can lead to difficulties in relationships and self-care.

This aspect distinguishes schizophrenia from other mental health conditions. For instance, heightened mood and energy typically describe mood disorders, and severe anxiety or excessive worry is more aligned with anxiety disorders. Schizophrenia requires a specific focus on the individual's altered perceptions and thought processes, which are central to understanding this complex and serious mental health condition.